www.palestinefacts.org/pf_mandate_grand_mufti.php Who was the Grand Mufti, Haj Muhammed Amin al-Husseini?

Muhammed Amin al-Husseini [many spelling variations] was born in 1893 (or 1895), the son of the Mufti of Jerusalem and member of an esteemed, aristocratic family. The Husseinis were one of the richest and most powerful of all the rivalling clans in the Ottoman province known as the Judaean part of Palestine.

Amin al-Husseini studied religious law at al-Azhar University, Cairo, and attended the Istanbul School of Administration. In 1913 he went to Mecca on a pilgrimage, earning the honorary title of "Haj". He voluntarily joined the Ottoman Turkish army in World War I but returned to Jerusalem in 1917 and expediently switched sides to aid the victorious British. He acquired the reputation as a violent, fanatical anti-Zionist zealot and was jailed by the British for instigating a 1920 Arab attack against Jews who were praying at the Western Wall.

The first Palestine High Commissioner. Sir Herbert Samuel arrived in Palestine on July 1, 1920. He was a weak administrator who was too ready to compromise and appease the extremist, nationalistic Arab minority led by Haj Amin al-Husseini. When the existing Arab Mufti of Jerusalem (religious leader) died in 1921, Samuels was influenced by anti-Zionist British officials on his staff. He pardoned al-Husseini and, in January 1922, appointed him as the new Mufti, and even invented a new title of Grand Mufti. He was simultaneously made President of a newly created Supreme Muslim Council. Al-Husseini thereby became the religious and political leader of the Arabs.

The appointment of the young al-Husseini as Mufti was a seminal event. Prior to his rise to power, there were active Arab factions supporting cooperative development of Palestine involving Arabs and Jews. But al-Husseini would have none of that; he was devoted to driving Jews out of Palestine, without compromise, even if it set back the Arabs 1000 years.

William Ziff, in his book "The Rape of Palestine," summarizes:

  • Implicated in the [1920] disturbances was a political adventurer named Haj Amin al Husseini. Haj Amin, was sentenced by a British court to fifteen years hard labor. Conveniently allowed to escape by the police, he was a fugitive in Syria. Shortly after, the British then allowed him to return to Palestine where, despite the opposition of the muslim High Council who regarded him as a hoodlum, Haj Amin was appointed by the British High Commissioner as Grand Mufti of Jerusalem for life. [P. 22]

Al-Husseini represented newly emerging proponents of militant, Palestinian Arab nationalism, a previously unknown concept. Once he was in power, he began a campaign of terror and intimidation against anyone opposed to his rule and policies. He killed Jews at every opportunity, but also eliminated Arabs who did not support his campaign of violence. Husseini was not willing to negotiate or make any kind of compromise for the sake of peace.

As a young man, al-Husseini worked with a native Jew, Abbady, who documented this comment:

  • Remember, Abbady, this was and will remain an Arab land. We do not mind you natives of the country, but those alien invaders, the Zionists, will be massacred to the last man. We want no progress, no prosperity. Nothing but the sword will decide the fate of this country.

In 1929, major Arab riots were instigated against the Jews of Palestine. They began when al-Husseini falsely accused Jews of defiling and endangering local mosques, including al-Aqsa. The call went out to the Arab masses: "Izbah Al-Yahud!" — "Slaughter the Jews!" After the killing of Jews in Hebron, the Mufti disseminated photographs of slaughtered Jews with the claim that the dead were Arabs killed by Jews.

In April, 1936 six prominent Arab leaders formed the Arab Higher Committee, with the Grand Mufti Haj Amin al-Husseini as head of the organization, joining forces to protest British support of Zionist progress in Palestine. In the same month, riots broke out in Jaffa commencing a three-year period of violence and civil strife in Palestine that is known as the Arab Revolt. The Arab Higher Committee led the campaign of terrorism against Jewish and British targets.

Using the turmoil of the Arab Revolt as cover, al-Husseini consolidated his control over the Palestinian Arabs with a campaign of murder against Jews and non-compliant Arabs, the recruitment of armed militias, and the raising of funds from around the Muslim world using anti-Jewish propaganda. In 1937 the Grand Mufti expressed his solidarity with Germany, asking the Nazi Third Reich to oppose establishment of a Jewish state, stop Jewish immigration to Palestine, and provide arms to the Arab population. Following an assassination attempt on the British Inspector-General of the Palestine Police Force and the murder by Arab extremists of Jews and moderate Arabs, the Arab Higher Committee was declared illegal by the British. The Grand Mufti lost his office of President of the Supreme muslim Council, his membership on the Waqf committee, and was forced into exile in Syria in 1937. The British deported the Arab mayor of Jerusalem along with other members of the Arab Higher Committee.

According to documentation from the Nuremberg and Eichmann trials, the Nazi Germany SS helped finance al-Husseini's efforts in the 1936-39 revolt in Palestine. Adolf Eichmann actually visited Palestine and met with al-Husseini at that time and subsequently maintained regular contact with him later in Berlin.

In 1940, al-Husseini requested the Axis powers to acknowledge the Arab right:

  • ... to settle the question of Jewish elements in Palestine and other Arab countries in accordance with the national and racial interests of the Arabs and along the lines similar to those used to solve the Jewish question in Germany and Italy.

While in Baghdad, Syria al-Husseini aided the pro-Nazi revolt of 1941. He then spent the rest of World War II as Hitler's special guest in Berlin, advocating the extermination of Jews in radio broadcasts back to the Middle East and recruiting Balkan Muslims for infamous SS "mountain divisions" that tried to wipe out Jewish communities throughout the region.

At the Nuremberg Trials, Eichmann's deputy Dieter Wisliceny (subsequently executed as a war criminal) testified:

  • The Mufti was one of the initiators of the systematic extermination of European Jewry and had been a collaborator and adviser of Eichmann and Himmler in the execution of this plan. ... He was one of Eichmann's best friends and had constantly incited him to accelerate the extermination measures. I heard him say, accompanied by Eichmann, he had visited incognito the gas chamber of Auschwitz.

With the collapse of Nazi Germany in 1945, the Mufti moved to Egypt where he was received as a national hero. After the war al-Husseini was indicted by Yugoslavia for war crimes, but escaped prosecution. The Mufti was never tried because the Allies were afraid of the storm in the Arab world if the hero of Arab nationalism was treated as a war criminal.

From Egypt al-Husseini was among the sponsors of the 1948 war against the new State of Israel. Spurned by the Jordanian monarch, who gave the position of Grand Mufti of Jerusalem to someone else, Haj Amin al-Husseini arranged King Abdullah's assassination in 1951, while still living in exile in Egypt. King Tallal followed Abdullah as king of Jordan, and he refused to give permission to Amin al-Husseini to come into Jordanian Jerusalem. After one year, King Tallal was declared incompetent; the new King Hussein also refused to give al-Husseini permission to enter Jerusalem. King Hussein recognized that the former Grand Mufti would only stir up trouble and was a danger to peace in the region.

Haj Amin al-Husseini eventually died in exile in 1974. He never returned to Jerusalem after his 1937 departure. His place as leader of the radical, nationalist Palestinian Arabs was taken by his nephew Mohammed Abdel-Raouf Arafat As Qudwa al-Hussaeini, better known as Yasser Arafat. In August 2002, Arafat gave an interview in which he referred to "our hero al-Husseini" as a symbol of Palestinian Arab resistance.

Sources and additional reading on this topic:

 

 

8888***********************From: Jack Sarfatti

Date: 07/20/05 17:58:06

To: Kim Burrafato

Subject: *** SPAM *** Re: Muslim Brotherhood, Nazis and Al Qaeda

 

On Jul 20, 2005, at 7:26 AM, Kim Burrafato wrote:

 

> http://www.navyseals.com/community/articles/article.cfm?id=4328

 

 

Muslim Brotherhood, Nazis and Al Qaeda

 

 

Written by Jewish Community News

 

 

Wednesday August 25, 2004

 

Speech by John Loftus, former U.S. Deputy Attorney General

 

Holocaust Remembrance Day

Yom Ha Shoah - 2004

Jewish Community News, August 2004

 

 

It always seems a little strange to have an Irish-Catholic talking

about Yom Ha Shoah.

 

I had an unusual education in the Holocaust. When I was working for

the Attorney General, I was assigned to do the classified research

about the Holocaust, so I went underground to a little town called

Suitland, Maryland, right outside Washington, D.C. and that's where

the US Government buries its secrets - - literally.

 

There are twenty vaults underground and each vault is one acre in

size. Anyone see the movie “Raiders of the Lost Ark”? The last scene

of that movie is what the underground vaults are really like, only

not as organized as they are in the movie. And in those underground

vaults I discovered something horrible.

 

I learned that many of the Nazis that I had been assigned to

prosecute were on the CIA payroll, but the CIA didn't know they were

Nazis because the British Intelligence Service had lied to them. What

the British Intelligence Service didn't know was that their liar was

Kim Philby, the Soviet communist double agent -- a little scandal of

the Cold War. But our State Department swept it all under the rug and

allowed the Nazis to stay in America until I was stupid enough to go

public with it.

 

What do you do when you want to go public with a story like this one?

You call up “60 Minutes.” We had a great time. Mike Wallace gave me

30 minutes on his show. For a long time, it was the longest segment

that 60 minutes ever did. When the episode about Nazis in America

went on the air back in 1982, it caused a minor national uproar.

Congress demanded hearings, Mike Wallace got the Emmy award, and my

family got the death threats. It was a great trip.

 

Then a funny thing happened. Over the last 25 years, every retired

spy in the U.S. and Canada and England all wanted me to be their

lawyer, for free of course. So I had 500 clients, they paid me $1

apiece. So I am the worst paid lawyer in America, but among the

better employed.

 

Let me give you an example. This year a friend of mine from the CIA,

named Bob Baer wrote a very good book about Saudi Arabia and

terrorism, it's called “Sleeping with the Devil.” I read the book and

I got about a third of the way through and I stopped. Bob was writing

how when he worked for the CIA how bad the files were.

 

He said, for example, the files for the Muslim Brotherhood were

almost nothing. There were just a few newspaper clippings. I called

Bob up and said, “Bob, that's wrong. The CIA has enormous files on

the Muslim Brotherhood, volumes of them. I know because I read them a

quarter of a century ago.” He said, “What do you mean?”

 

Here's how you can find all of the missing secrets about the Muslim

Brotherhood -- and you can do this too. I said, “Bob, go to your

computer and type in two words into the search part. Type the word

“Vanna,” V-a-n-n-a. He said, “Yeah.” Type in “Nazi.” Bob typed the

two words in, and out came 30 to 40 articles from around the world.

He read them and called me back and said, “Oh my God, what have we

done?”

 

What I'm doing today is doing what I'm doing now: I'm educating a new

generation in the CIA that the Muslim Brotherhood was a fascist

organization that was hired by Western Intelligence that evolved over

time into what we today know as al Qaeda.

 

Here's how the story began. In the 1920's there was a young Egyptian

named al Bana. And al Bana formed this nationalist group called the

Muslim Brotherhood. Al Bana was a devout admirer of Adolph Hitler and

wrote to him frequently. So persistent was he in his admiration of

the new Nazi Party that in the 1930's, al Bana and the Muslim

Brotherhood became a secret arm of Nazi Intelligence.

 

The Arab Nazis had much in common with the new Nazi doctrines. They

hated Jews; they hated democracy; and they hated the Western culture.

It became the official policy of the Third Reich to secretly develop

the Muslim Brotherhood as the fifth Parliament, an army inside Egypt.

 

When war broke out, the Muslim Brotherhood promised in writing that

they would rise up and help General Rommell and make sure that no

English or American soldier was left alive in Cairo or Alexandria.

 

The Muslim Brotherhood began to expand in scope and influence during

World War II. They even had a Palestinian section headed by the grand

Mufti of Jerusalem, one of the great bigots of all time. Here, too,

was a man - - The grand Mufti of Jerusalem was the Muslim Brotherhood

representative for Palestine. These were undoubtedly Arab Nazis.

The Grand Mufti, for example, went to Germany during the war and helped

recruit an international SS division of Arab Nazis. They based it in Croatia

and called it the “Handjar” Muslim Division, but it was to

become the core of Hitler's new army of Arab fascists that would

conquer the Arab peninsula from then on to Africa -- grand dreams.

 

At the end of World War II, the Muslim Brotherhood was wanted for war

crimes. Their German intelligence handlers were captured in Cairo.

The whole net was rolled up by the British Secret Service. Then a

horrible thing happened.

 

Instead of prosecuting the Nazis - - the Muslim Brotherhood - - the

British government hired them. They brought all the fugitive Nazi war

criminals of Arab and Muslim descent into Egypt, and for three years

they were trained on a special mission. The British Secret Service

wanted to use the fascists of the Muslim Brotherhood to strike down

the infant state of Israel in 1948. Only a few people in the Mossad

know this, but many of the members of the Arab Armies and terrorist

groups that tried to strangle the infant State of Israel were the

Arab Nazis of the Muslim Brotherhood.

 

Britain was not alone. The French Intelligence service cooperated by

releasing the Grand Mufti and smuggling him to Egypt, so all of the

Arab Nazis came together. So, from 1945 to 1948, the British Secret

Service protected every Arab Nazi they could, but they failed to

quash the State of Israel.

 

What the British did then, they sold the Arab Nazis to the

predecessor of what became the CIA. It may sound stupid; it may sound

evil, but it did happen. The idea was that we were going to use the

Arab Nazis in the Middle East as a counterweight to the Arab

communists. Just as the Soviet Union was funding Arab communists, we

would fund the Arab Nazis to fight against. And lots of secret

classes took place. We kept the Muslim Brotherhood on our payroll.

 

But the Egyptians became nervous. Nasser ordered all of the Muslim

Brotherhood out of Egypt or be imprisoned, and we would execute them

all. During the 1950's, the CIA evacuated the Nazis of the Muslim

Brotherhood to Saudi Arabia. Now when they arrived in Saudi Arabia,

some of the leading lights of the Muslim Brotherhood like Azzam,

became the teachers in the Madrasas, the religious schools. And there

they combined the doctrines of Nazism with this weird Islamic cult,

Wahhabiism.

 

Everyone thinks that Islam is this fanatical religion, but it is not.

They think that Islam -- the Saudi version of Islam - -is typical,

but it's not. The Wahhabi cult was condemned as a heresy more than 60

times by the Muslim nations. But when the Saudis got wealthy, they

bought a lot of silence. This is a very harsh cult. The Wahhabiism

was only practiced by two nations, the Taliban and Saudi Arabia.

That's how extreme it is. It really has nothing to do with Islam.

Islam is a very peaceful and tolerant religion. It has always had

good relationships with the Jews for the first thousand years of its

existence.

 

For the Saudis, there was a ruler in charge of Saudi Arabia, and they

were the new home of the Muslim Brotherhood, and fascism and

extremism were mingled in these schools. And there was a young

student who paid attention - - and Azzam's student was named Osama

Bin Ladin. Osama Bin Ladin was taught by the Nazis of the Muslim

Brotherhood who had emigrated to Saudi Arabia.

 

In 1979 the CIA decided to take the Arab Nazis out of cold storage.

The Russians had invaded Afghanistan, so we told the Saudis that we

would fund them if they would bring all of the Arab Nazis together

and ship them off to Afghanistan to fight the Russians. We had to

rename them. We couldn't call them the Muslim Brotherhood because

that was too sensitive a name. Its Nazi cast was too known. So we

called them the Maktab al Khidimat il Mujahideen, the MAK.

 

And the CIA lied to Congress and said they didn't know who was on the

payroll in Afghanistan, except the Saudis. But it was not true. A

small section CIA knew perfectly well that we had once again hired

the Arab Nazis and that we were using them to fight our secret wars.

 

Azzam and his assistant, Osama Bin Ladin, rose to some prominence

from 1979 to '89, and they won the war. They drove the Russians out

of Afghanistan. Our CIA said, “We won, let's go home!” and we left

this army of Arab fascists in the field of Afghanistan.

 

Saudis didn't want to come back. Saudis started paying bribes to

Osama Bin Ladin and his followers to stay out of Saudi Arabia. Now

the MAK split in half. Azzam was mysteriously assassinated apparently

by Osama Bin Ladin himself. The radical group -- the most radical of

the merge of the Arab fascists and religious extremists -- Osama

called that al Qaeda. But to this day there are branches of the

Muslim Brotherhood all through al Qaeda.

 

Osama Bin Ladin's second in command, Ayman al-Zawahiri,

came from the Egyptian branch of the Muslim Brotherhood, the Egyptian Islamic

Jihad, the results of a Palestinian Islamic Jihad.

 

There are many flavors and branches, but they are all Muslim

Brotherhoods. There is one in Israel. The organization you know as

“Hammas” is actually a secret chapter of the Muslim Brotherhood. When

Israel assassinated Sheik Yassin a month ago, the Muslim Brotherhood

published his obituary in a Cairo newspaper in Arabic and revealed

that he was actually the secret leader of the Muslim Brotherhood in

Gaza.

 

So the Muslim Brotherhood became this poison that spread throughout

the Middle East and on 9/11, it began to spread around the world.

 

I know this sounds like some sort of a sick fantasy, but go to your

computer and type in the words “Vanna,” V-a-n-n-a and the word

“Nazi,” N-a-z-i, and you will see all of the articles come up. Those

are all the pieces of information that the CIA was trying to hide

from its employees. It did not want them to know the awful past. So,

in 1984, when I was exposing European Nazis on the CIA payroll, at

the same time they were trying to hide from Congress the fact that

they had Arab Nazis back on the payroll to fight the Russians -- a

stupid and corrupt program.

 

So, when Bob Baer studied his files, he was just stunned. A whole

generation: the current CIA people know nothing about this. And

believe me, the current generation CIA are good and decent Americans

and I like them a lot. They're trying to do a good job, but part of

their problem is their files have been shredded. All of these secrets

have to come out.

 

So, of course, my clients in the intelligence community said, “Well,

what are you doing?” They gave me an example. They said, “Here's how

the Saudis finance these groups. The Saudis have established a group

of charities on a street in Virginia. It's 555 Grove St., Herndon,

Virginia.” So I said, “OK the Saudis are terrorists, so what?” These

charities fund Muslim Brotherhood, Hamas, Hezbollah, al Qaeda. The

Saudis are getting tax deductions for terrorism. They have set up

front groups so all the terrorists groups in the U.S. and the front

groups get the Saudi money as a charitable donation.

 

I said, “You're kidding me.” Nope. And they told me that right near

where I lived in Tampa, Florida was one of the leading terrorists in

the world. There were these two professors at the University of South

Florida. One had just left -- and he was now in Syria -- and he was

the world head of Islamic Jihad. His number two, the head of Islamic

Jihad in the Western Hemisphere, was Dr. Sami al-Arian, who is still

employed as a professor at the University of South Florida. You've

got to be kidding. This can't be true.

 

Yes, these guys are raising money all across America and shipping it

to Syria to go down to Palestine, the Palestinian areas, and hire

suicide bombers to kill Jews. They sent me the videotapes. There was

Professor al-Arian on stage and one of his friends gets up and says,

“Now, who will give me $500 to kill a Jew? There are people standing

by in Jerusalem who will go out in the street and stab a Jew with a

knife, but we need $500.” And he said, “All of this money will go to

the Islamic committee for Palestine.” And that is the front group in

the United States for the Palestinian Islamic Jihad.

 

So I had all my friends in the FBI and CIA send in these files. I

said, “Why haven't you prosecuted this guy? You've known about him

since 1989.” “We'd love to. We've tried to prosecute him but we were

told we couldn't touch him because he gets all of his money from the

Saudis, and we are all under orders not to do anything to embarrass

the Saudi government.”

 

I said, “I don't mind embarrassing them.” You know what I did? I

donated money to the charity that was the terrorist fund, because

under Florida law, that gave me the right to sue the charity to find

out where my money was going. It was hilarious.

 

In early March, 2002, I drafted a long lawsuit exposing Professor

Sami al-Arian, naming all the crimes he'd committed, all the bombings

in Israel, the fundraising in America with terrorism. I mentioned how

his money got to him from the Saudis and how the Saudis had convinced

our government not to prosecute him for political reasons. Because of

my high-level security clearances, everything I write is sort of

classified material and has to be sent back to the government before

publication, for censorship. So I sent my long lawsuit complaint to

the CIA, and they loved it. They said, “Oh, great. We don't like the

Saudis either. Go sue them.”

 

Three days later two FBI Agents showed up at my door, saying, “You

know, there are only 21 people in the U.S. government that knew some

of this information, and now you're 22. How did you find out?” I

said, “I'm sorry, I can't tell you, attorney-client privilege.”

That's why my clients pay me $1.00 each.

 

The day before I went to file the lawsuit, I got a frantic phone call

from the United States Department of Justice. They said, “John,

please don't file the lawsuit tomorrow. We really are going to raid

these Saudi charities. We're going to close them down. Just give us

more time.” “Oh yeah, you're going to raid them. That's what you told

me in January - - and again in February, and now it's March. You want

more time? I'll give you until 4:00 o'clock tomorrow. I'm filing my

complaint at 10:00 a.m., so that at 4:00 p.m., I'm going to release

the address of the Saudi charities. Back tomorrow. I filed my lawsuit

at 10:00 o'clock, and told the press I was going to hold something

back for a little bit.

 

At 10:15, the U.S. Government launched Operation Greenquest, a

massive raid on all the Saudi charities in homes and businesses, and

in one hour we shut down the entire Saudi money-laundering network in

America.

 

  From March 20, 2002 to the present, the government has found more

and more evidence seized in those archives on that single raid that

day. The evidence was so compelling that Professor al-Arian is no

longer giving his speeches. He is now in federal prison awaiting

trial. His accomplice, Hammoudeh, has also been indicted. Some 32

different people have been indicted in the United States as a direct

result of these efforts.

 

But not the Saudis -- not the Saudis.

 

A month after I filed my lawsuit against al-Arian, I did it: I caused

some trouble. I invited some 40 of the top trial lawyers in America

to come down to St. Petersburg, Florida. Boy, did I have a deal for

them. I wanted them to put up millions of dollars of their own money

-- I'm poor, I had no money to give them -- but I wanted to do

something for America.

 

These are lawyers like Ron Motley that had won billions of dollars in

their lawsuits against the tobacco industry and the asbestos

industry. I said, “What I want you to do is look at the evidence I've

collected. It's the same Saudi banks and charities that funded Sami

al-Arian that also funded al Qaeda.” I said, “I want you to bring a

class action in Federal Court in Washington on behalf of everyone who

died on Sept. 11th. I'm going to work for free and collect all the

evidence, introduce you to the experts, provide all the exhibits and

documents . . . and we have to do this for America.”

 

The lawyers studied all the documents I collected, and on August 15,

2002, they filed the largest class-action lawsuit in American history

in the Federal District Court in Washington D.C., asking for one

trillion dollars damages against the Saudis. The lawsuit said

essentially that all these Saudi banks had one thing in common. They

were bribing Osama bin Ladin 300 million dollars a year to stay out

of Saudi Arabia and go blow up someone else.

 

Well, on 9/11, we found out we were someone else, and the Saudis had

to pay for their negligence. So that lawsuit is coming along very well.

 

And more and more people in the CIA and FBI are sort of using me as a

back channel to get our information. So, believe it or not, they've

actually given me my own TV show now on Sunday mornings on FOX TV

nationwide. I'm on at 11:20 eastern standard time. And ABC Radio has

given me a national radio program, but I'm on at 10:30 at night and

it's past your bedtime.

 

What I've become in my old age is a teacher. Twenty-five years ago I

was a lot younger, a lot thinner, but now every day I get 500 to

1,000 e-mails from honest men and women around the world from the

Intelligence community.

 

And we have to end the evil in this world. We have to recognize that

al Qaeda simply didn't spring up on its own. The evil route was

Nazism. The al Qaeda Doctrine is the same as the Arab Nazis held.

They hated Jews, they hate democracy, and they hate Westerners for

Western culture. Al Qaeda is nothing more than the religious

expression of Arab Fascism. We allowed this branch of the Nazi trunk

to survive, to flourish, and it has come back to haunt us.

 

We must do a better job. Look at these children. They are our legacy.

If we are to keep our children safe, we must teach them the lessons

of the past. Every generation should know what these candles mean.

Not only that one of the greatest tragedies in the history of the

world really happened, but the evil that caused it -- Nazism --

survived because we didn't fight hard enough. We didn't finish the job.

 

But we must tell our children that in every generation the men and

women of America have stood side by side with our Jewish, Christian,

and Moslem brothers. We have risen up together against hatred.

America is united now.

 

We will win the war on terror, and we will finish the job that these

soldiers and survivors started more than a half-century ago. We must

set the standard that to teach a child to hate is the worst form of

child abuse. We must work together to end racism in our children's

lifetime. We must teach our children to remember the Holocaust and be

proud, so proud of those who survived and inspired us with their

courage. In their name, in their honor, let us go forward and fight

together. NEVER AGAIN